Anime, also known as Japanimation, is a form of hand-drawn and computer-generated animation that originated in Japan. The term “anime” is derived from the English word “animation,” but within Japan, it is used to describe all types of animated media. Outside of Japan, however, “anime” specifically refers to animation produced in Japan or characterized by a distinctive style often featuring vibrant graphics, colorful characters, and fantastical themes. This broader, culturally abstract understanding of the term allows for the possibility that anime created outside Japan could also be included.
Japanese animation has a history dating back to 1917, with a significant artistic style becoming prominent in the 1960s through the works of Osamu Tezuka. This style gained widespread popularity both domestically and internationally during the latter half of the 20th century. Anime is distributed through various channels, including theatrical releases, television broadcasts, direct-to-home media, and the internet. Many anime are original works, while others are adaptations of manga (Japanese comics), light novels, or video games.
Over time, production techniques for anime have evolved alongside technological advancements. As a multimedia art form, anime combines elements like graphic art, character development, cinematography, and innovative creative methods. Typically, anime emphasizes detailed backgrounds, realistic settings, and the use of camera effects such as panning, zooming, and unique angles, rather than focusing solely on fluid movement. Artistic styles vary widely, with character proportions ranging from exaggerated features—like large, expressive eyes—to more realistic portrayals.
Anime encompasses a broad spectrum of genres, catering to both mainstream and niche audiences. In the United States, the fandom has also given rise to terms such as “wapanese,” initially used to describe white individuals eager to emulate Japanese culture, and later “weeaboo,” which refers to people who display an intense interest in Japanese anime and related subculture.
